
The SPAR climate protection store in Linz is the first commercial property in Upper Austria which has been granted a gold certification by ÖGNI (Austrian Society for sustainable real estate industry). This internationally recognised certificate was awarded because of the use of latest technology – from low energy design, LED lighting through to an electrical filling station. On April 18th 2012 the groundbreaking ceremony for the new SPAR climate protection store in Linz was held. The opening is planned for autumn 2012.
The district of Linz Froschberg, site of the new SPAR climate protection store, is one of the most popular residential districts of the capital of Upper Austria due to its location: close to nature and the city centre. "In the immediate catchment area about 8,000 people live", says Jakob Leitner, Managing Director of SPAR central office Marchtrenk, when ex-plaining the motives for the site selection.
First ÖGNI gold in Upper Austria
ÖGNI is an initiative of reknown Austrian companies and institutions to establish sustainable planning, construction and real estate management in Austria. An ÖGNI certificate can only be awarded if a comprehensive and integral list of criteria is met.
More than energy efficient construction
The certificate is not limited to structural climate protection solutions but also includes additional sustainable aspects, including socio-cultural and functional features. The special features of the SPAR climate protection store in Linz are natural landscaping of green areas, the electric filling station and the noise-free delivery by trucks. A true highlight is the open space concept for the visually and hearing impaired people.
50% less energy use than a standard supermarket
The use of modern technology will allow the annual reduction of energy expenditure by 50% compared to a standard supermarket. This means a reduction of C02 emissions by 80 tonnes per year. The store in Linz will not remain a stand alone climate protection store in Upper Austria. "Some of the features implemented in SPAR climate protection stores over Austria have already been carried out in various SPAR locations in Upper Austria" explains Mr Leitner, referring to the existing store in Molln und Wels. "With every new or converted store, SPAR reduces the energy consumption by a third through new technologies" concluded Mr Leitner.

SPAR Austria
ÖGNI (Austrian Society for sustainable real estate industry)


Since its launch in June 2011 SPAR East Wemyss ‘Go Greener’ campaign has raised hundreds of pounds for two local Primary Schools, East Wemyss and Coaltown of Wemyss.
For every carrier bag that a customer reuses in store they receive a ‘Green’ voucher valued at 10p and they simply drop the voucher in the collection box of their choice. There is a box for both East Wemyss and Coaltown of Wemyss Primary School.
Both schools collected their cheques last week from SPAR Main Road; East Wemyss Primary School picked up £135 and Coaltown of Wemyss collected £165.
Acting Store Manager Michelle Pease said of the scheme that “As a responsible retailer we are committed to reducing the number of plastic carrier bags used in our store and to help us to achieve this aim we chose to help local schools in the process.”


SUPERSPAR Aakirkeby, Denmark, is expected to produce up to 50% of its electricity consumption by investing in 520 solar cells, covering 600m2. In other words, the module is to produce 80.000 kWh/year, which is enough to power the supermarket’s cool and frost aggregates during the summer period when consumption is at its peak and the sun shines brightest. Furthermore, the solar module is an ’East/West module’ which maximizes the contact surface area and catches the light of the sun throughout the day. The East module catches sunlight from the early sunrise until noon and the West module takes over for the rest of the day and until sundown. This special construction allows the module to produce twice as much energy as the traditional modules covering the same surface area.
The project will cost the owners of the supermarket approximately €240.000 with an estimated return on investment of 9 years, based on the current electricity prices. As these prices increase, the period will shorten accordingly.
The owners of SUPERSPAR Aakirkeby are currently drafting plans for a similar solar module on the roof of the second supermarket in the city of Nexoe, on the same Island. If the plan succeeds, the two supermarkets outlets will produce enough solar energy to power one of their supermarkets for the whole year.
This initiative is in accordance with the green politics of the Island of Bornholm. The municipality of Bornholm launched the ‘Bright Green Island’ project in 2008 with the vision of running the Island on 100% sustainable energy resources such as sun, wind and water by 2014. Since the launch of the project, Bornholm has been turned into a big sustainability laboratory where private businesses and public institutions are working hand in hand to optimize their sustainable energy resources.


Good planning, high quality building material and energy conscious construction decrease the energy demand of a building and improve the quality of life of its users
Niki Berlakovich, Austrian Environment Minister
SPAR store in Vienna met klima:aktiv standards
"SPAR Austria has recognised the signs of the times and had the SPAR climate protection store in the Engerthstraße in Vienna checked according to the building criteria of klima:aktiv. The building sector is responsible for more than 1/3 of all CO2 emissions in Austria, showing great potential for saving energy. This is the starting point. Good planning, high quality building material and energy conscious construction decrease the energy demand of a building and improve the quality of life of its users. Therefore, the SPAR climate protection store in the Engerthstraße is another important step to energy self-sufficiency of Austria", explains Minister Berlakovich at the ceremony.
The store which opened in September 2010 was involved in active climate protection from the start and presented itself as a 'climate protection store'. By meeting the klima:aktiv standard for commercial buildings in May 2011, the SPAR store focused in the area of sustainable construction on new impulses of klima:aktiv, the climate protection initiative of the Ministry of Environment. Scored with energy efficiency
The klima:aktiv building standards identify quality verification for buildings that meet certain criteria for energy efficiency, ecology and comfort on the highest level. With 719 out of a total of 1,000 possible points, the SPAR store in the Engerthstraße meets the klima:aktiv criteria and in comparison to other SPAR supermarkets, this store contributes actively to the reduction of CO2 emissions through a lower energy consumption.
Also in the area of energy efficiency clear signals were set: The ventilation system meets the comfort criteria of klima:aktiv after retrofitting. In the area of lighting, energy efficient light sources as well as modern LED technology were implemented. The cooling units were equipped with highly energy efficient appliances as they are relevant for the total energy consumption of a supermarket. In the half-year report of both climate protection stores in May 2011, the first major consequence of the pilot stores was presented in the form of a 'green' investment of €50 million in energy efficient lighting solutions for all new and converted stores.
Climate protection store in the green
The visual distinguishing feature of the SPAR store in the Engerthstraße is the open space planning integration in the surrounding public park and the grass covered roof accessible to the public. The SPAR climate protection store is located in direct proximity to subway station Krieau of line U2 and was built in a green zone, serving as a recreation area for residents.
In addition to a good connection to public transport, the SPAR store is connected to the local bicycle network. Furthermore, the store offers bicycle parking and an E-filling station for electric bikes.


From now onwards, customers in SPAR supermarkets in The Netherlands can take their shopping home in re-useable jute bags. This fits with the previously stated intention of increasing their focus on sustainability issues.
Customers who spent €15 on groceries in a SPAR supermarket in the first week of the offer received an attractive jute bag for free. These are 100% organic and require no special process to decompose, in fact the bags help to nourish the earth. For each organic jute bag used, 1000 fewer plastic bags will be required. Bags were then available for customers to purchase in SPAR supermarkets for €1.

A supermarket that uses as much energy as it creates - this ambitious idea is now a reality
The SPAR climate protection supermarket in the Floßlendstraße 11 in Graz amazes not only climate experts - it is the first supermarket in Austria which consumes only as much energy as it produces. By using modern building materials and advanced technologies such as LED lighting with daylight control and heat recovery, the energy consumption of the SPAR store has been significantly reduced. In cooperation with energy company Energie Steiermark the use of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic and a planned hydroelectric turbine in the adjacent stream, make the supermarket energy independent and thus CO2 neutral. SPAR partner WWF is delighted with the excellent store which has already been awarded with ÖGNI Gold.
"After the opening of the SPAR climate protection supermarket in St. Gilgen in 2009, the opening of the two climate protection stores in Murau and Vienna in 2010, it was clear to us that we should present the 3rd generation of SPAR climate protection stores in 2011", said Chairman of the SPAR Austria Board, Hans K. Reisch.
First generation: Abandonment of fossil fuels for heating
In spring 2009, the first generation of SPAR climate protection store was presented in St. Gilgen in Salzkammergut. In this store, it was no longer necessary to use fossil fuels for heating thanks to innovative technologies. Due to its success, the technology was implemented in other SPAR stores.
Second generation: Ambitious climate protection targets were achieved
50% less energy consumption in SPAR climate protection stores in Murau and Engerthstraße in Vienna. The objective of the 2nd generation of stores opened in 2010 was very ambitious. After more than a year in operation, the results of the award winning climate protection stores were presented. "Both sites consume 58% less energy compared to the energy use of the stores before the comprehensive reconstruction", says Mr Reisch delighted, adding: "the test function of our climate protection sites is very important to us; after all we want to achieve about 1/3 less energy use in all our SPAR store in the future."
Third generation: Energy independent and CO2 neutral in residential area in Graz
"With the SPAR climate protection store in Graz, we are entering a new era", says Mr Reisch proudly. Erwin Schmuck, Managing Director of SPAR Styria, adds: "We really concentrated on the way we developed the store. The district Graz Lend is one of the emerging residential areas in Graz. In the catchment area of the supermarket more than 7,000 people live."
Golden ÖGNI Award for store in Graz
Like the SPAR climate protection stores in Murau and Vienna, the store in Graz was also awarded with the Golden ÖGNI Award from the Austrian Association for Sustainable Real Estate Industry.


Earlier this year SPAR announced that it had taken the lead in a project being carried out with a number of partners to reduce CO2 emissions and noise pollution. SPAR Netherlands will take receipt of fifty new, sustainable lorries beginning this autumn. These will feature a new design which reflects the mission of SPAR: The neighbourhood supermarket for daily, fresh groceries.
The first vehicle painted with a new design was available for viewing during the Open Day of SPAR Holding & DC South. This vehicle will be the first to be used from next week. In the coming months, new lorries will be seen with two designs. One shows fresh fruit and vegetables, the other shows a mix of bread available, both feature the slogan 'My neighbourhood, my SPAR'. "The current design on our vehicle fleet only featured the SPAR logo, without our slogan. The introduction of the new CO2 chilled vehicles is the perfect moment to modernise the design" said Sjaak Kranendonk, Managing Director of SPAR Holding B.V. "We wanted to show what SPAR means and by including not only our slogan but also images of fresh produce, we can do this : the supermarket for daily use, where fresh products play a major role".
SPAR Netherland's aim is to achieve a reduction in emissions from the beginning of 2012 of 417 tonnes less CO2 per year and use 160,000 litres less diesel. In this way, SPAR Netherlands will not only contribute to the sustainability of the distribution logistics, but as a retailer also fulfil a leading role in the 'greening' of road transport.2 or 3 vehicles will be delivered weekly from next week onwards. It is anticipated that by February 2012, all vehicles will be in use.


I think it is sensational that the full hybrid truck does not need to be recharged at power sockets but is equipped with a battery that recharges by its own braking power. Therefore the truck will mainly be on the road in the Vienna region where repeated and short starts and stops are inevitable
CEO of SPAR Austria, Dr. Gerhard Drexel
SPAR presents its first full hybrid truck in the heavy duty category, a 26 tonne truck, to the public. SPAR will use the low emission and low noise Volvo trucks mainly in the Vienna area, ensuring effective climate protection and noise control for the people in Vienna. "Unlike hybrid trucks available on the market, this is a truck meeting the requirements of our industry - a truck of the 26 tonne category", announced the CEO of SPAR Austria, Dr. Gerhard Drexel.
20% less fuel, 50% less noise
The full hybrid Volvo truck is the latest innovation in the commercial vehicle sector. Volvo is the first manufacturer of trucks to introduce a total of 100 full hybrid trucks onto the European market in the second half of 2011. Those trucks should be deliverd by 2013. The first truck in the D-A-CH region (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) will supply SPAR stores in Vienna. "I think it is sensational that the full hybrid truck does not need to be recharged at power sockets but is equipped with a battery that recharges by its own braking power. Therefore the truck will mainly be on the road in the Vienna region where repeated and short starts and stops are inevitable", says Dr Drexel. Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of these high-tech trucks are reduced by up to 20% compared to conventional vehicles. Additionally, the innovative full hybrid trucks produce up to 50% less noise during acceleration and idling. The high electromotive force makes the SPAR truck a full hybrid truck, able to drive up to 50km/h purely generated by electro motion, is 100% emission free and low engine noise. These aspects distinguish the SPAR full hybrid truck from other hybrid trucks, which require the diesel engine to be purely in electric mode. That means that other hybrid trucks are never 100% emission free on the road - but the SPAR full hybrid truck is.
SPAR: Innovation boost for climate-friendly mobility
"Unlike small hybrid trucks that do not meet the latest technical standards, we start where effective and future-oriented improvements for practical implementation in the trade can be achieved. The full hybrid truck, as a new flagship of our fleet, is an important step towards the greening of commercial traffic. After the development of the SPAR E-Mobility Initiative 2010, the full hybrid truck is another step in the direction of environmentally friendly mobility. As innovation leader in food retailing in Austria, SPAR is more than willing to invest in new technologies, as we have to set an example for the protection of the climate and the environment", says Gerhard Drexel proud of the pioneering role of SPAR Austria.
SPAR's innovative full hybrid truck will be presented to the public on Wednesday, 28th September in the Lusthaus in Vienna where the developers of Volvo Trucks Corporation will be present.

Electric cars for SPAR employees in Austria
E-mobility and SPAR Austria (German)
SPAR Austria

Early on, it became evident that in addition to heating and cooling equipment, lighting is the second largest consumer of energy that is why the management of SPAR Austria decided to make a green investment for our future
Director of the Board Hans K. Reisch
For more than six months, the both SPAR climate protection supermarkets in the Engerthstraße in Vienna and Murau in Styria have been operational and undergoing testing at a practical level. We now have the first tangible results of newly implemented technologies - the high expectations were certainly met. In addition to cooling and heating equipment, lighting is a real energy consumer. SPAR reacted promptly and invested €50 million in energy-efficient lighting solutions from preferred supplier, Zumtobel Lighting.
The SPAR climate protection stores in Murau and Vienna were opened in 2011. The objectives were clearly stated at that time. "First of all, we wanted to test new technologies in these stores with reference to their suitability in everyday situations before thinking of a roll out to all SPAR stores in Austria. Our aim is to reduce energy consumption by at least 1/3 in new or rebuild SPAR stores through the implementation of new energy systems. Secondly, we wanted to communicate to our customers that climate protection is part of our life and a core issue for the future. Thirdly, it was about the practical implementation and the associated energy and CO2 reduction," Director of the Board Hans K. Reisch explained the ideas behind both SPAR climate protection stores.
International recognition for SPAR climate protection supermarkets
The technical expectations as well as reactions from customers are very positive after the first half year of operation. "The planned cost reductions of 80 tons CO2 in Murau and 50 tons CO2 in Vienna on a yearly basis are within the realms of possibility. But we still have to await the summer in order to consider the results of a whole year of operation", said Mr Reisch adding, "we have seen great interest from customers in these stores and they have caused a sensation among both national and international experts of our industry". At the beginning of 2011, a delegation of US American building experts visited the SPAR climate protection store in Vienna and stated that in the USA there is no such small supermarket with a comparably high technical level of innovation.
Lighting is the second largest consumer of energy in supermarkets
Since the opening, both SPAR climate protection stores have been very closely observed from a technical perspective. The climate efficiency of the implemented energy saving and resource saving activities is monitored. "Early on, it became evident that in addition to heating and cooling equipment, lighting is the second largest consumer of energy", continued Mr Reisch, "that is why the management of SPAR Austria decided to make a green investment for our future."
€50 million order for Zumtobel
Zumtobel were requested to implement the LED row system 'Tecton' in all new and rebuild SPAR stores in Austria, valued at €50 million. This system is unique on a global scale. It is intended to roll out this advanced lighting concept to SPAR stores in affiliated countries. Zumtobel has been a preferred SPAR supplier for a very long time and is one of the innovation leaders of professional lighting. The LED row system implemented in both SPAR climate protection stores reduces the energy consumption of the artificial lighting in an average supermarket by 25% while offering a better lighting quality.

A leading local recycling company has partnered with Henderson Group in a major drive to increase its recycling levels.
Natural World Products (NWP), based in Portadown, has secured a new contract that has seen the company recycle a total of 170 tonnes since September 2010 in Plastic, Cardboard, Paper Wood & Food waste from the Henderson Group wholesale site at Mallusk. It is hoped that Henderson Group's other seventy five retail stores across Northern Ireland will also soon be recycling waste generated.
Announcing the new partnership Pat McGarry, Logistics Director at Henderson Group, who recently won the Institute of Directors Environmental Leader of the Year 2010 Award for Northern Ireland said:
"We have searched for a local supplier who can help us with some of our environmental objectives and we were delighted when we have selected NWP. So far we have been very impressed with what they've done for us by minimising our waste management costs and maximising our impact on the environment. Our aim is to reduce our landfill to as close to zero as possible and NWP are working closely with us to help us achieve this through their approach to recycling and reuse. We have started recycling here at the wholesale site at Mallusk and we are looking to broaden this out to other aspects of our business".
The new partnership with NWP will further boost Henderson's already high environmental standard having been recently awarded the Arena Network Platinum Award for the second year running, the Business in the Community Environmental Improvement Award 2010 and the Carbon Trust Standard for improving its carbon efficiency by 16% over the past three years.

SPAR UK has opened the doors to the latest convenience outlet in its innovative Stores of the Future programme. The SPAR James Graven store in Littleport, Cambridgeshire, is a forecourt store that successfully combines the local name and history of an independent family retailer, with the convenience expertise and renowned branding of SPAR.
With this in mind, the store has been designed with James Graven branding on display inside and out with signage, plaques and photographs. Notice boards and community boards are also on view, to heighten the local neighbourhood feel.The extensive range of products on offer and its layout reflects the 1,450 sqft store's convenience format. Food for now and impulse sections are found at the front of the store, with promotional and other product ranges including Tonight's Tea, Top Up, Everyday Life and Entertain Me set further back.
There is also a broad selection of hot food to go with a separate counter at the Littleport store, which is open every day from 6am - 10pm. "This fantastic outlet also demonstrates SPAR UK's ongoing commitment to environmental responsibility, and is a model for demonstrating how the retailer can help support their local community."
All the fridges in the store have sliding doors and POS material has been provided to promote the environmental savings and advantages of using the doors. It also reuses rain water for its car wash, and natural wood and exposed brickwork has been used in the design to give a more natural feel. The Littleport store strongly supports its local community, offering products from local suppliers in its range, for example Cambridgeshire beers, wine from Ely vineyards and local bread.
To promote the store's pride in the unique geography of its local region, one of the Fens' famous bog oaks will be displayed in the forecourt, with an educational lectern to explain its significance. Store owner Jonathan James worked tirelessly for three years to make the store a success, seeing through the whole process from buying the original Greenfield site, to gaining planning permission, to finally getting the store ready for opening. He invested a total of £ 1.5m on the construction of the forecourt and retail unit.
SPAR UK Retail Director Richard Bennett said he was very excited about the opening of the store: "I am delighted that Jonathan has chosen SPAR as his retail partner for this fantastic new concept store," said Bennett. "This is a model store that clearly demonstrates how James Graven and SPAR are working together to create an outlet with cutting-edge design, that fully supports the regional community, local producers and the environment," he added.
Store owner Jonathan James said: "Although this is a SPAR store, I wanted my customers to know that it's owned and run by a family firm. The store is as SPAR as can be, but I wanted to show that it's also an independent business. "I am so proud to see the finished project, and this is a very exciting time, seeing how the site is going to develop and how sales will grow," said James. Jonathan James has reason for optimism though: "In its first week of trading, Littleport served 7,000 customers and the store has already reached its first year fuel and shop sales target," he said.
Littleport is the James Graven Group's sixth store in the area; it already has three Budgens and two SPARs. The SPAR Stores of the Future programme aims to develop SPAR's retail proposition to drive sales and margin, to help drive stores to the next level and prepare for the future. To achieve this aim, SPAR has been undertaking customer research, trend mapping and range development in order to ensure that it has the best future-proofed retail proposition for both retailers and customers.

Six electric cars have been added to the truck fleet of SPAR Austria. In addition to the SPAR central office in Salzburg, the regional SPAR headquarters in Dornbirn, Worgl, Marchtrenk, St. Polten and Maria Saal also offer their employees a climate friendly alternative for driving in the area nearby.
Zero CO2 emission in 100 km - the climate protection balance of the Mitsubishi i-MiEV is impressive. The four-seater, with its modern design and a cruising range of about 150 km, has only recently started to drive in the areas near to the SPAR headquarters in Austria. "For us it is of the utmost importance that we can offer a climate friendly alternative to our employees for short distance driving", explains the Operations Director of SPAR Austria Rudolf Staudinger adding: "Especially as short distance driving is responsible for a very high CO2 emission."
Various activities to deliver climate friendly logistics within SPAR Austria
At SPAR Austria, the commitment to sustainable logistics is bearing fruit. Some examples are: optimising the transport routes and the maximum utilisation of truck trailers. In this way, since the introduction of these measures in 2004, SPAR Austria is able to save up to 2.4 million truck kilometres a year.

SPAR Netherlands will install environmentally friendly cooling units in all chilled trailers. It is their intention that 80% of all SPAR chilled transport will be 'greener' by 2012. The plan is to have all chilled transport based on this greener method by 2015. The new chilled units do not produce environmentally damaging emissions and are quieter when running than the current diesel powered units.
This is the result of a practical trial which was carried out over the past few months, in close co-operation with Peter Appel Transport, which is the logistics supplier of SPAR.
Although the test is not yet finalised, the results are so positive that SPAR has already made the decision to rapidly introduce this environmentally friendly chilled transport solution.
The difference is that the new chillers no longer use diesel as a source of energy but recycled CO2. This CO2 is actually a by-product of industry, which is considered 'clean fuel' after processing. SPAR is the first company to make use of this energy source in chilled transport. The test was deliberately carried out in the summer period to test whether the new units could cope with the high temperatures experienced in the summer in comparison to Scandinavia which was the model country for this pilot project.

The SPAR truck fleet has been converted to the newest exhaust emission standards.
SPAR Switzerland converted its entire truck fleet to the newest motors of the EURO 5 standard. With this improvement the SPAR truck fleet is one of the cleanest fleets in Switzerland and sets the pattern for improved air quality. The truck fleet covers a distance of more than 3 million kilometres annually and so it makes ecological sense to drive as efficiently as possible. This is the latest example of the comprehensive corporate social responsibility taken by the SPAR Group which contributes actively in many areas of environmental responsibility.
The general standards for EURO 5 standard motors have been valid since 2009 and stipulate a further drastic reduction of nitrogen oxide out of the total truck emissions. It is the goal of this standard to reduce the particulate matter especially in metropolitan areas and thereby counter the health risks. Particulate matter is composed of ultra small particles which arise from unfiltered diesel motors.
One of the big challenges was to find a way to solve the technical difficulties: Reduction of nitrogen oxides increased the amount of particulate matter and vice versa. The solution was invented in a new exhaust technology of the EURO 5 standard motors. A catalytic converter reduces the nitrogen oxide by over 80%. At the same time a new system reduces the particulate matter between 60% and 70%. Another positive aspect of these motors is the lower fuel consumption and therefore the reduced CO2 contamination.

During a celebration for more than 1,000 people, a unique SPAR store was opened in the Engerthstraße in Vienna and is the first certified climate protection supermarket in the federal captial. The building has been equipped with state of the art techniques, such as linear LED lighting. Through the implementation of several innovative features, the energy consumption of the store is 50% lower when compared to that of traditional supermarkets. This equates to 50 tonnes of CO2 per annum. Furthermore, the store features an electric charging station which can be used by employees and consumers free of charge. Most striking is the fact that the former concrete jungle has been transformed into a green recreation area for the locals. For this innovative location SPAR received a golden award from the Austrian Association for sustainable real estate industry, ÖGNI. In the same period SPAR opened another climate protection store in Murau, which received the same golden certification from ÖGNI.
"It is certainly great and really unique", says Alois Huber, Managing Director of the SPAR central office, "that with this concept with the gently upward knoll and the accessible roof of the new SPAR store in Vienna we have achieved a spectacular architectural antithesis in comparison to traditional supermarket buildings. In the winter the building design concept offers the opportunity for sledding and in summer for sunbathing. The 1,100m2 green area with 230m2 play area offers great recreation value."
In addition to energy and resources saving, the new SPAR store in Vienna, Engerthstraße, offers on 680m2 sales area everything a modern supermarket needs to have: Great promotions and an extensive range with many regional products.
The new climate protection supermarket is a first in Vienna. For SPAR the store represents the crowning achievement after several trials in the area of climate protection: "Energy saving has been a focus of ours for quite a long time and some of the executed measures in the new store were already partly implemented in different SPAR and INTERSPAR stores," explains the Chairman of the SPAR Austria Board, Hans K. Reisch. In the two new SPAR climate protection stores in Vienna and Murau SPAR Austria brought together all of technical and innovative solutions implemented in several SPAR stores. Only through the combination of all opportunities can the the real efficiency and potential of these solutions be revealed.